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Novel Neuroprotective Mechanism of Action of Rasagiline Is Associated with Its Propargyl Moiety: Interaction of Bcl‐2 Family Members with PKC Pathway
Author(s) -
WEINREB ORLY,
AMIT TAMAR,
BARAM ORIT,
CHILLAGTALMOR ORLY,
YOUDIM MOUSSA B. H.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2005.tb00043.x
Subject(s) - neuroprotection , rasagiline , protein kinase c , pharmacology , downregulation and upregulation , mechanism of action , poly adp ribose polymerase , chemistry , apoptosis , programmed cell death , microbiology and biotechnology , kinase , biochemistry , biology , medicine , parkinson's disease , enzyme , polymerase , gene , disease , in vitro
A bstract : Our studies have provided new insights into the biological mechanism of neuroprotection of the anti‐Parkinson drug, rasagiline [ N ‐propargyl‐(1 R )‐aminoindan], involving the association of Bcl‐2 family proteins with protein kinase C (PKC) pathway. In a model of serum withdrawal‐induced apoptosis of rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, rasagiline and its propargyl moiety, N ‐propargylamine, decreased cell death via multiple neuroprotective pathways that include the stimulation of PKC phosphorylation; upregulation of PKCε mRNA; induction of Bcl‐X L , Bcl‐w, and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNAs; and downregulation of PKCγ, Bad, and Bax mRNAs. Moreover, these drugs inhibited the cleavage and activation of pro‐caspase‐3 and poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP), while PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, reversed these actions. In addition, rasagiline decreased serum‐free‐induced levels of the important regulator of cell death, Bad, which was also blocked by GF109203X, indicating the involvement of PKC‐dependent cell survival activity of rasagiline. Structure activity studies have established that N ‐propargylamine is essential for the novel neuroprotective and the neuronal cell survival activity of rasagiline since this moiety itself revealed similar protective effects and mechanisms of action. These results have led us to develop several multifunctional neuroprotective drugs containing the propargyl moiety and iron‐chelating property for the treatment and/or prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.