Premium
Effects of Acute Toxic Doses of Psychostimulants on Extracellular Levels of Excitatory Amino Acids and Taurine in Rats
Author(s) -
ANDERZHANOVA E.,
RAYEVSKY K. S.,
SARANSAARI P.,
RIITAMAA E.,
OJA S. S.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04161.x
Subject(s) - taurine , extracellular , microdialysis , glutamate receptor , amphetamine , glutamatergic , chemistry , pharmacology , endocrinology , medicine , amino acid , biochemistry , biology , dopamine , receptor
A bstract : We used microdialysis to study how acute toxic doses of d ‐amphetamine and sydnocarb [3‐(β‐phenylisopropyl)‐ N ‐phenylcarbamoylsydnonimine], an original Russian psychostimulant, affect extracellular levels of glutamate, aspartate, and taurine in the neostriatum of halothane‐anesthetized male Sprague‐Dawley rats. The administration of d ‐amphetamine (5.0 mg/kg × 4 ip) caused gradual fivefold increases in the extracellular glutamate and taurine levels and moderate increases in the extracellular aspartate level. Sydnocarb administration (23.8 mg/kg × 4 ip, a dose equimolar to 5.0 mg/kg d ‐amphetamine) elicited a marked increase in the extracellular aspartate level and a small increase in the extracellular level of glutamate. The extracellular taurine level increased only after the last (fourth) injection. We conclude that a massive increase in extracellular taurine reflects hyperactivation of glutamatergic neurotransmission elicited by acute toxic dose of d ‐amphetamine. Sydnocarb seems to be less neurotoxic than d ‐amphetamine, because it elicits lesser changes in the extracellular levels of glutamate and taurine.