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Microsatellite Allele 5 of MHC Class I Chain‐Related Gene A Increases the Risk for Insulin‐Dependent Diabetes Mellitus in Latvians
Author(s) -
SHTAUVEREBRAMEUS A.,
GHADERI M.,
RUMBA I.,
SANJEEVI C. B.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb03003.x
Subject(s) - allele , major histocompatibility complex , human leukocyte antigen , genetics , haplotype , diabetes mellitus , immunology , gene , mhc class ii , immunogenetics , biology , antigen , endocrinology
A bstract : Insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases. It is an autoimmune, polygenic disease, associated with several genes on different chromosomes. The most important gene is human leukocyte antigen (HLA), also known as major histocompatibility complex (MHC), which is located on chromosome 6p21.3. HLA‐DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 are positively associated with IDDM and DQ6 is negatively associated with IDDM in most Caucasian populations. The MICA gene is located in the MHC class I region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. Sequence determination of the MICA gene identifies 5 alleles with 4, 5, 6, and 9 repetitions of GCT or 5 repetitions of GCT with 1 additional insertion (GGCT), and the alleles are referred to as A4, A5, A5.1, A6, and A9. Analysis of allele distribution among 93 Latvian IDDM patients and 108 healthy controls showed that allele A5 of MICA is significantly increased in IDDM patients [33/93 (35%)] compared to healthy controls [22/108 (20%)] (OR = 2.15; P = 0.016 ). In conclusion, we believe that MICA may play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of IDDM.