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Induction of Insulin Autoantibodies and Protection from Diabetes with Subcutaneous Insulin B: 9‐23 Peptide without Adjuvant
Author(s) -
LIU EDWIN,
ABIRU NORIO,
MORIYAMA HIROAKI,
MIAO DONGMEI,
EISENBARTH GEORGE S.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02974.x
Subject(s) - adjuvant , nod mice , nod , insulin , autoantibody , medicine , diabetes mellitus , endocrinology , peptide , subcutaneous injection , c peptide , type 1 diabetes , immunology , antibody , biology , biochemistry
A bstract : Insulin B chain peptide B: 9‐23 given with incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) subcutaneously to NOD and BALB/c mice induces insulin autoantibodies (IAA). We also found that subcutaneous administration of the peptide without adjuvant induced IAA in normal BALB/c mice. The autoantibodies react with intact insulin and cannot be absorbed by the B: 9‐23 peptide. With the induction of IAA by the self‐peptide without adjuvant, we hypothesized that the peptide given subcutaneously without adjuvant would prevent the development of diabetes mellitus in NOD mice. The peptide B: 9‐23, when given in standard doses of 100 μg and low doses of 10 μg, protected female NOD mice versus unvaccinated controls from diabetes. Presently, NOD mice vaccinated with the standard dose and the low dose have a 44% and 60% survival, respectively, at 26 weeks compared to controls with a 10% diabetes‐free survival at 22 weeks ( n = 10 for each group, P < 0.001 for both vaccine doses). As expected, the level of IAA expressed was significantly higher for the vaccinated mice versus the control group. We conclude that insulin B chain peptide B: 9‐23 can confer protection from diabetes in NOD mice even when administered subcutaneously without adjuvant.