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Mediators of Inflammation and Their Interaction with Sleep
Author(s) -
Mullington Janet M.,
HinzeSelch Dunja,
Pollmächer Thomas
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05825.x
Subject(s) - sleep (system call) , immune system , clozapine , inflammation , cytokine , medicine , non rapid eye movement sleep , tumor necrosis factor alpha , stimulation , receptor , immunology , neuroscience , psychology , schizophrenia (object oriented programming) , psychiatry , electroencephalography , computer science , operating system
A bstract : In humans, activation of the primary host defense system leads to increased or decreased NREM sleep quality, depending on the degree of early immune activation. Modest elevations of certain inflammatory cytokines are found during experimental sleep loss in humans and, in addition, relatively small elevations of cytokines are seen following commencement of pharmacological treatments with clozapine, a CNS active antipsychotic agent, known to have immunomodulatory properties. Cytokines such as TNF‐α, its soluble receptors, and IL‐6, present in the periphery and the CNS, comprise a link between peripheral immune stimulation and CNS‐mediated behaviors and experiences such as sleep, sleepiness, and fatigue. The debilitating fatigue experienced in chronic fatigue syndrome and related diseases may also be related to altered cytokine profiles.