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In Vivo Elemental Partition Analysis Using Fast Neutrons: A Tool for Testing the Efficacy of New Clinical Interventions
Author(s) -
KEHAYIAS JOSEPH J.,
VALTUEÑA SILVIA,
WAITEKUS ANATHEA B.,
SHEAHAN CHARLES A.,
O'NEILL MEGAN
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06437.x
Subject(s) - lean body mass , in vivo , adipose tissue , neutron activation analysis , chemistry , lean tissue , neutron , nitrogen , radiochemistry , medicine , biochemistry , body weight , biology , physics , microbiology and biotechnology , organic chemistry , quantum mechanics
A bstract : The nutritional status of patients can be evaluated by monitoring changes in body composition, including depletion of protein and muscle; distribution of adipose tissue; and changes in hydration status, and bone or cell mass. Fast neutron activation (for N and P) and neutron inelastic scattering (for C and O) are used to assess in vivo elements characteristic of specific body compartments. Nonbone phosphorus for muscle is measured by the 31 P(n,α) 28 Al reaction, and nitrogen for protein via the (n,2n) fast neutron reaction. The carbon‐to‐oxygen (C/O) ratio is used to measure distribution of fat and lean tissue in the body and to monitor small changes in lean mass and its quality. In addition to evaluating the efficacy of new treatments, the method is used to study the mechanisms of depletion of lean tissue with aging.