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Pharmacological Factors in the Saliva of Blood‐Feeding Insects: Implications for Vesicular Stomatitis Epidemiology
Author(s) -
TABACHNICK WALTER J.
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05324.x
Subject(s) - livestock , midge , culicoides , ceratopogonidae , vesicular stomatitis , saliva , salivary gland , biology , vesicular stomatitis virus , biting , arthropod , veterinary medicine , zoology , larva , immunology , ecology , medicine , virus , biochemistry
A bstract : Vesicular stomatitis (VS) epizootics in the Western United States have caused substantial economic losses to U.S. livestock industries in 1995, 1997, and 1998. The role of arthropods in transmitting VS to U.S. livestock is unclear. In particular, the impact of arthropod salivary gland factors in VS infections in livestock needs study. Pharmacological effects of arthropod salivary gland factors on animals are reviewed. The potential effects of arthropod saliva on the transmission and spread of VS virus to livestock in the Western U.S. is presented with emphasis on the biting midge, Culicoides sonorensis . Information is discussed with attention to vector potential of C. sonorensis , and its use as a model for evaluating insect salivary gland pharmacology on livestock response to VS.