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Laboratory Evaluation of Pathogenicity of Entomogenous Nematodes to African Tick Species
Author(s) -
KAAYA GODWIN P.,
SAMISH MICHAEL,
GLAZER ITAMAR
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05305.x
Subject(s) - biology , tick , veterinary medicine , pathogenicity , biological pest control , strain (injury) , amblyomma , amblyomma variegatum , microbiology and biotechnology , ecology , ixodidae , anatomy , medicine
A bstract : Five strains of entomogenous nematodes, Steinernema carpocapsæ strains DD, Mexican, SR, and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora strains 1S5 and HP88, were tested for their pathogenicity to various developmental stages of five African tick species namely; Rhipicephalus appendiculatus , R. evertsi, Amblyomma variegatum, A. gemma , and Boophilus decoloratus . In engorged female R. appendiculatus , all nematodes at a concentration of 1,000 infective juveniles (IJ)/dish, except S. carpocapsæ Mexican strain, induced high mortalities (56‐100%), whereas in engorged female R. evertsi , only S. carpocapsæ DD and H. bacteriophora HP88 induced high mortalities (78% and 56%, respectively). In engorged B. decoloratus, S. carpocapsæ DD, Mexican, SR and H. bacteriophora HP88 (100 IJ/dish) induced mortalities of 85%, 65%, 80%, and 100%, respectively. In all cases, except for S. carpocapsæ Mexican strain, a higher concentration (5,000 IJ/dish) did not result in higher mortality than occurred with 1,000 IJ/dish. Unfed females and immature stages of ticks were found to be generally resistant to the nematodes. The feasibility of using entomogenous nematodes for biological control of African tick species are briefly discussed.