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VIP Neurotrophism in the Central Nervous System: Multiple Effectors and Identification of a Femtomolar‐Acting Neuroprotective Peptide
Author(s) -
BRENNEMAN DOUGLAS E.,
GLAZNER GORDON,
HILL JOANNA M.,
HAUSER JANET,
DAVIDSON ARIANE,
GOZES ILLANA
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb11180.x
Subject(s) - neuroprotection , neurotrophic factors , excitotoxicity , neurotrophin , vasoactive intestinal peptide , peptide , microbiology and biotechnology , programmed cell death , biology , pharmacology , neuropeptide , biochemistry , apoptosis , receptor
A bstract : Vasoactive intestinal peptide has neurotrophic and growth‐regulating properties. As in the case of many neurotrophic molecules, VIP also has neuroprotective properties, including the prevention of cell death associated with excitotoxicity (NMDA), beta‐amyloid peptide, and gp120, the neurotoxic envelope protein from the human immunodeficiency virus. The neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties are mediated in part through the action of glial‐derived substances released by VIP. These substance include cytokines, pro tease nexin I, and ADNF, a novel neuroprotective protein with structural similarities to heat‐shock protein 60. Antiserum against ADNF produced neu ronal cell death and an increase in apoptotic neurons in cell culture. A 14 amino acid peptide (ADNF‐14) derived from ADNF has been discovered that mimics the survival‐promoting action of the parent protein. These studies support the conclusion that VIP, PACAP, and associated molecules are both important regulators of neurodevelopment and strong candidates for therapeutic development for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease.