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Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis of Neuroborreliosis
Author(s) -
STIERNSTEDT GÖRAN,
GUSTAFSSON ROLF,
KARLSSON MATS,
SVENUNGSSON BO,
SKÖLDENBERG BIRGIT
Publication year - 1988
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb31837.x
Subject(s) - neuroborreliosis , lyme neuroborreliosis , csf pleocytosis , medicine , lymphocytic pleocytosis , immunology , lyme disease , pleocytosis , serology , disease , titer , dermatology , borrelia , cerebrospinal fluid , pathology , antibody , borrelia burgdorferi , encephalitis , virus
Lyme borreliosis has in a few years turned out to be a health problem not only in the United States, but also in many European countries. When it affects the nervous system, Lyme borreliosis acts as the great disease imitator. Because of this characteristic it is often difficult to diagnose on clinical grounds. Patients with neuroborreliosis might appear within all medical disciplines. Clinical markers, such as preceding tick bite and/or ECM, are important clues to the diagnosis. Mononuclear pleocytosis and elevated CSF protein are present in most patients with neuroborreliosis. Final evidence for the diagnosis is the demonstration of specific antibodies in serum and/or CSF. Measurement of antibody titers should be carried out in both serum and CSF, since these methods are complementary when trying to obtain a serological diagnosis of neuroborreliosis.