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THREE‐DIMENSIONAL DIVING BEHAVIORS OF RINGED SEALS ( PHOCA HISPIDA )
Author(s) -
Simpkins Michael A.,
Kelly Brendan P.,
Wartzok Douglas
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
marine mammal science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.723
H-Index - 78
eISSN - 1748-7692
pISSN - 0824-0469
DOI - 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2001.tb01305.x
Subject(s) - descent (aeronautics) , phoca , foraging , geology , oceanography , geodesy , fishery , geography , biology , paleontology , meteorology
A bstract Dives of five freely diving ringed seals were classified into three‐dimentional movement types. Horizontally convoluted dives, defined as dives with angular velocity > 15°/sec, appeared to be foraging or social dives. Simple dives that did not include convoluted movements (angular velocity < 10°/sec) were considered to be exploration dives. Directional dives with nearly linear horizontal travel (horizontal directionality >0.6, on a scale of 0–1) were presumed to be travel dives. Each three‐dimensional dive type was observed with similar frequency in dives with two distinct time‐depth profiles: V‐shaped profiles in which ascent immediately followed descent, and U‐shaped profiles in which >7 sec were spent at depth between descent and ascent. The lack of behavioral differences between dives with distinct time‐depth profiles suggested that time‐depth profiles are not a reliable means of inferring dive behaviors for ringed seals.