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Immunomodulatory drugs and their application to the management of canine immune‐mediated disease
Author(s) -
Whitley N. T.,
Day M. J.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of small animal practice
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.7
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1748-5827
pISSN - 0022-4510
DOI - 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2011.01024.x
Subject(s) - medicine , leflunomide , azathioprine , immune system , immunology , myasthenia gravis , adverse effect , context (archaeology) , ciclosporin , cyclophosphamide , disease , tacrolimus , pharmacology , transplantation , rheumatoid arthritis , chemotherapy , paleontology , biology
This review summarises the current understanding of immune response and T cell subsets in the context of development of autoimmunity in the dog. Mode of action and rational usage in immune‐mediated disease in the dog are discussed for the following drugs: glucocorticoids, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, ciclosporin, tacrolimus, human intravenous immunoglobulin, vincristine, danazol, leflunomide, mycophenolate mofetil and liposome‐encapsulated clodronate. Disease mechanisms are discussed and published evidence for drug efficacy is scrutinised for five important immune‐mediated diseases: immune‐mediated haemolytic anaemia, immune‐mediated thrombocytopenia, myasthenia gravis, glomerulonephritis and inflammatory bowel disease. Future strategies for more refined manipulation of adverse immune responses are presented.