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SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION DOCUMENT Feline infectious peritonitis
Author(s) -
Barr Frances
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
journal of small animal practice
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.7
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1748-5827
pISSN - 0022-4510
DOI - 10.1111/j.1748-5827.1998.tb03691.x
Subject(s) - medicine , citation , library science , computer science
FELINE infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a systemic, fatal, immunemediated vasculitis caused by a feline coronavirus (FCoV). Historically, FIP was considered to be caused by FIP virus (FIPV) and feline enteritis by a feline enteric coronavirus (FECV). Recent studies have shown that there is essentially only one FCoV in the field, although laboratory strains may vary in virulence. FCoV readily mutates but genomic studies have failed to show a consistent mutation distinguishing FIP strains from FECV strains. Nevertheless, it is believed that a mutation in the virus alters its cell tropism from enteric epithelial cells to macrophages, resulting in FIP Alternatively, since FIP usually follows an episode of stress (rehoming, surgery, kittening and so on), it is possible that disease is related to virus dose and a non-protective immune response. FCoVs are serologically related to canine coronavirus (CCV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus of pigs, porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus and human bronchitis virus 229-E, and belong to one of two distinct serotypes; most field infections are caused by serotype I FCoV, whereas most laboratory isolates are type II. Serotype I1 isolates evolved more recently than serotype I through recombination between type I FCoV and CCV. The role of CCV in causing FIP is unclear, although McArdle and others (1992) have shown that CCV administered parenterally to cats will cause FIP-like disease.