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ASSESSING AND MANAGING THE RISKS OF PATHOGEN TRANSFER FROM LIVESTOCK MANURES INTO THE FOOD CHAIN
Author(s) -
Nicholson F. A.,
Chambers B. J.,
Moore A.,
Nicholson R. J.,
Hickman G.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
water and environment journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.437
H-Index - 37
eISSN - 1747-6593
pISSN - 1747-6585
DOI - 10.1111/j.1747-6593.2004.tb00518.x
Subject(s) - cryptosporidium parvum , food chain , livestock , manure , salmonella , cryptosporidium , listeria monocytogenes , pathogen , campylobacter , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , veterinary medicine , environmental health , agronomy , ecology , medicine , bacteria , feces , genetics
A review was undertaken of (a) the levels and prevalence of Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli 0157. Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia intestinalis in livestock manure, and (b) factors which affect their survival during storage and following land application. Pathogens are commonly present in livestock manures and can survive in soil for several months or years after spreading or excretion onto land. Temperature was identified as being the most important factor influencing pathogen survival, although pH, UV light and drying were also important. Various practical measures to minimise the risk of pathogen transfer into the food chain were identified, including treatment, extended storage and no/harvest periods following land spreading. Guidelines are being developed on managing farm manures to minimise the risks of microbiological contamination of ready‐to‐eat crops.