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Biological Nutrient Removal: Design Snags, Operational Problems and Costs
Author(s) -
COOPER P.,
UPTON J. E.,
SMITH M.,
CHURCHLEY J.
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
water and environment journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.437
H-Index - 37
eISSN - 1747-6593
pISSN - 1747-6585
DOI - 10.1111/j.1747-6593.1995.tb00921.x
Subject(s) - retrofitting , sewage treatment , activated sludge , waste management , environmental science , nitrification , sewage , operational costs , phosphorus , directive , enhanced biological phosphorus removal , water framework directive , environmental engineering , engineering , computer science , operations management , nitrogen , water quality , ecology , chemistry , structural engineering , organic chemistry , biology , programming language
The EC urban waste water treatment Directive will lead to some sewage‐treatment works in the UK having to remove nitrogen and phosphorus. The paper reviews the basic biological processes which are available for retrofitting existing activated‐sludge plants to achieve this removal, and then points to some of the problems which are encountered with these processes in other countries. The authors make suggestions as to how these problems can be overcome in design and operation. The paper also provides a cost comparison of different ways of uprating an existing nitrifying activated‐sludge plant to achieve nitrification/ denitrification and phosphorus removal.