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Process Options for Phosphorus and Nitrogen Removal from Wastewater
Author(s) -
COOPER P.,
DAY M.,
THOMAS V.
Publication year - 1994
Publication title -
water and environment journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.437
H-Index - 37
eISSN - 1747-6593
pISSN - 1747-6585
DOI - 10.1111/j.1747-6593.1994.tb01096.x
Subject(s) - phosphorus , directive , environmental science , wastewater , process (computing) , activated sludge , sewage treatment , waste management , nitrogen , water framework directive , environmental engineering , environmental protection , environmental planning , water quality , engineering , computer science , chemistry , ecology , biology , organic chemistry , programming language , operating system
The paper reviews the current capabilities of processes for phosphorus and nitrogen removal in relation to the EC urban waste water treatment Directive. The Directive is briefly described and the implications for the UK are discussed. This is followed by a review of biological and chemical processes for nutrient removal with special reference to their current state of application and performance. Particular attention is paid to processes for biological phosphorus removal which, in the past, was said to be less reliable than the chemical options but which is now being more widely applied in other parts of Europe as well as South Africa and North America. Processes for modifying both activated sludge and biological filter systems to meet the Directive are briefly described.