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Some Binding‐Related Drug Properties are Dependent on Thermodynamic Signature
Author(s) -
Schön Arne,
Madani Navid,
Smith Amos B.,
Lalonde Judith M.,
Freire Ernesto
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
chemical biology and drug design
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.59
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1747-0285
pISSN - 1747-0277
DOI - 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2010.01075.x
Subject(s) - signature (topology) , computational biology , chemistry , drug , biology , pharmacology , mathematics , geometry
The binding affinity is determined by the Gibbs energy of binding (Δ G ) which is the sum of enthalpic (Δ H ) and entropic (− T Δ S ) contributions. Because the enthalpy and entropy contribute in an additive way to the binding energy, the same binding affinity can be achieved by many different combinations of enthalpic and entropic contributions; however, do compounds with similar binding affinities but different thermodynamic signatures (i.e., different Δ H , − T Δ S combinations) exhibit the same functional effects? Are there characteristics of compounds that can be modulated by modifying their thermodynamic signatures? In this paper, we consider the minimization of unwanted conformational effects arising during the development of CD4/gp120 inhibitors, a new class of HIV‐1 cell entry inhibitors. Competitive inhibitors of protein/protein interactions run the risk of triggering the very same signals that they are supposed to inhibit. Here, we show that for CD4/gp120 inhibitors, the magnitude of those unwanted effects is related to the proportion in which the enthalpy and entropy changes contribute to the binding affinity. The thermodynamic optimization plot (TOP) previously proposed to optimize binding affinity can also be used to obtain appropriate enthalpy/entropy combinations for drug candidates.