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Ready‐to‐Eat Cereal Consumption and the School Breakfast Program: Relationship to Nutrient Intake and Weight
Author(s) -
Affenito Sandra G.,
Thompson Douglas,
Dorazio Ali,
Albertson Ann M.,
Loew Amy,
Holschuh Norton M.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of school health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.851
H-Index - 86
eISSN - 1746-1561
pISSN - 0022-4391
DOI - 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2012.00744.x
Subject(s) - overweight , breakfast cereal , medicine , obesity , environmental health , nutrient , consumption (sociology) , reference daily intake , nutrition education , food science , gerontology , biology , endocrinology , ecology , social science , sociology
BACKGROUND: Children in the United States exhibit high rates of nutrient inadequacy and overweight/obesity; other international studies report similar associations. The School Breakfast Program (SBP) may help alleviate these conditions for youth in the United States. This research examined the association of ready‐to‐eat (RTE) breakfast cereal consumption with students' (SBP participants and nonparticipants) dietary nutrient intake and weight status. METHODS: Data were from the third School Nutrition Dietary Assessment Study (SNDA‐III), conducted in 2004‐2005. Analyses included all 2298 SNDA‐III participants (ages 5‐18 years), who completed a dietary recall and whose parents completed an interview. Students were categorized as skipping versus eating breakfast; students eating breakfast were categorized by SBP participation (SBP participant vs nonparticipant) and breakfast type (with vs without RTE cereal). Analyses estimated the association of these categorizations with total daily nutrient intake and weight‐related measures, after adjusting for covariates. RESULTS: RTE cereal breakfast consumers (regardless of SBP participation) had greater intake of vitamin A, iron, and whole grain, compared with noncereal breakfast eaters. Breakfast consumers (regardless of SBP participation and type) had greater intake of vitamins A and C, calcium, iron, dietary fiber, and whole grain, relative to breakfast skippers. CONCLUSIONS: The SBP increases opportunity for improved nutrient intake and healthier body weight through breakfast consumption, especially whole grain RTE cereals, as recommended by the Dietary Guidelines 2010.