Premium
Sampling the Chemistry of Shallow Aquifer Systems — A Case Study
Author(s) -
Pionke H. B.,
Urban J. B.
Publication year - 1987
Publication title -
groundwater monitoring and remediation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 47
eISSN - 1745-6592
pISSN - 1069-3629
DOI - 10.1111/j.1745-6592.1987.tb01046.x
Subject(s) - siltstone , aquifer , sampling (signal processing) , water well , groundwater , oil shale , geology , piezometer , soil water , hydrology (agriculture) , water level , soil science , mineralogy , geomorphology , geotechnical engineering , facies , paleontology , cartography , filter (signal processing) , structural basin , computer science , geography , computer vision
Pumped waters from 14 Pennsylvania wells, located in shallow sandstone, siltstone and shale aquifers, were continuously monitored for dissolved oxygen (D. O.), nitrate (NO 3 ), pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and water temperature in a discharge manifold at the well head. The amount of pumping or purging required to stabilize these parameter readings varied by well site and parameter being analyzed. However, the purging required was generally greatest for D. O. and least for water temperature where: D. O. < NO 3 pH < EC < water temperature. Wells located near the siltstone‐shale interface generally required far more purging than did wells located elsewhere. Although parameter stability was often achieved within purging one bore volume, the complexity, diversity, and variability in the data and these well‐ground water systems, suggest that no single purging rule is appropriate. Instead, the extent of purging required before sampling these shallow aquifers should be determined by incorporating on‐site monitoring of target or related parameters into the purging process. From a sampling perspective, the relationship between NO 3 and D. O. concentrations during purging were analyzed relative to aquifer type. For most wells located in sandstone or siltstone, NO 3 concentrations remained relatively constant during purging irrespective of changes in D. O. For most wells located in shale, these two were positively and similarly correlated, suggesting that a general relationship exists.