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Use of NADP Archive Samples to Determine the Isotope Composition of Precipitation: Characterizing the Meteoric Input Function for Use in Ground Water Studies
Author(s) -
Harvey F. Edwin
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
groundwater
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.84
H-Index - 94
eISSN - 1745-6584
pISSN - 0017-467X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2001.tb02322.x
Subject(s) - meteoric water , precipitation , delta , δ18o , stable isotope ratio , groundwater recharge , surface water , oxygen 18 , environmental science , isotopes of oxygen , groundwater , hydrology (agriculture) , atmospheric sciences , geology , geography , meteorology , aquifer , environmental engineering , physics , geotechnical engineering , geochemistry , engineering , quantum mechanics , aerospace engineering
Stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopes have been used in ground water studies to investigate recharge, mixing, ground water/surface water interaction, advective‐diffusive transport, paleohydrogeologic interactions and to estimate ground water ages. Such studies require that the isotopic composition of precipitation be known, as precipitation is a major input to ground water and surface water systems. As oxygen‐18 and deuterium data for precipitation are lacking across much of the United States, there is need to establish additional local meteoric water lines as isotope input functions across the region, as well as to develop better understanding of the isotopic climate linkages that control oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios in precipitation. In the absence of long‐term monitoring stations, one possible solution to this problem is to determine the δ 18 O and δ 2 H values of precipitation using archive samples collected at monitoring stations managed by the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP). This study describes and interprets the seasonal δ 18 O and δ 2 H composition of archived precipitation samples collected in eastern Nebraska near the town of Mead during the years 1992–1994. Values for δ 18 O range from ‐23.6 to ‐0.7%o. Values for δ 2 H range from ‐172 to 0 %o Yearly arithmetic mean δ 18 O and 8 2 H values for the Mead station are ‐8.1 %c and ‐53 %o , respectively. Weighted yearly means for δ 18 O and δ 2 H were ‐7.4 %c and ‐48 %c , respectively. Mead values show a strong isotopic enrichment between winter and summer precipitation, and a strong δ 18 O‐T correlation (r 2 = 0.91) for mean monthly values of about 0.5 %o per degree Celsius. The local meteoric water line for the Mead site is δ 2 H = 7.40 δ 18 O + 7.32. Deuterium excess values suggest that most of the moisture across the region is derived primarily from a Gulf of Mexico source. The results of this study demonstrate that in the absence of long‐term monitoring stations such as those operated globally by the International Atomic Energy Association, NADP archive samples can be used to determine the isotopic composition of precipitation, to characterize the local meteoric water line and establish the various climatic relationships, and define the meteoric input function for use in ground water studies.