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TABLES FOR PARITY TESTING
Author(s) -
ENNIS DANIEL M.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of sensory studies
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.61
H-Index - 53
eISSN - 1745-459X
pISSN - 0887-8250
DOI - 10.1111/j.1745-459x.2007.00143.x
Subject(s) - parity (physics) , competitor analysis , substitution (logic) , product (mathematics) , econometrics , computer science , preference , mathematics , economics , marketing , business , microeconomics , physics , geometry , particle physics , programming language
There is frequent interest in establishing whether two products or treatments are essentially equivalent or at parity. Two types of parity hypotheses are defined in this article, an unsurpassed hypothesis and an equality hypothesis. Tables for these two types of parity hypotheses are presented for 2‐alternative forced choice and preference data. These two hypotheses are often used in product testing for claims support involving either equality or unsurpassed claims. The basis for the tables is presented along with illustrative examples of their use in product testing.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS There are many industrial applications in which it is desirable to know whether one product can act as a substitute for another. Examples include blend and flavor modifications of products that are necessary when ingredients change as a result of natural seasonal variation or of changes in suppliers. Products are often deliberately modified in response to government regulations, availability of raw materials, substitution to more healthful or lower cost components, or are inadvertently modified because a new factory has come online. In addition, some companies develop products that are direct substitutes for their competitors and make advertising claims concerning their equivalency. These applications require a reliable basis for making recommendations concerning product substitutions or parity statements.