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REVIEW OF ISOLATION AND ENUMERATION METHODS FOR VIBRIO SPECIES OF FOOD SAFETY SIGNIFICANCE 1
Author(s) -
HOOVER DALLAS G.
Publication year - 1985
Publication title -
journal of food safety
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.427
H-Index - 43
eISSN - 1745-4565
pISSN - 0149-6085
DOI - 10.1111/j.1745-4565.1985.tb00492.x
Subject(s) - citation , isolation (microbiology) , library science , vibrio parahaemolyticus , enumeration , food and drug administration , food safety , biology , mathematics , microbiology and biotechnology , food science , computer science , genetics , combinatorics , bacteria , statistics
Vibrio is a straight or curved Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium with sheathed polar flagella. These bacteria are facultative anaerobes with sodium ions stimulating growth of all species. Most Vibrio species are oxidase-positive and associated with aquatic and marine habitats. At the present time, twenty species are recognized within the genus (Baumann and Schubert 1984). The genus Vibrio is grouped within the family Vibrionuceae, which also includes the genera Photobacterium, Aeromonas and Plesiomonas (Baumann and Schubert 1984). Aeromonus is the only other genus of the family that is considered as being of potential food safety significance. The two genera are currently differentiated by morphological differences, sensitivity to vibriostatic agent 0/129, and the Na' requirement of Vibrio (Table 1). From a more practical standpoint, Aeromonas will not grow on thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (TCBS) agar. TCBS agar is the most widely used selective agar for Vibrio chokrae and Vibrioparahaemlyticus. The major human pathogens of the genus Vibrio are X chkrae and Xparahmolyticus. Likewise, these species are considered the primary Vibrio species of food safety significance. Other Vibrio of concern to human health include Vibrio fluvialis biovar I, Vibrio alginolyticus, and Vibrio uulnificus. X fluvialis biovar I has been isolated from humans with diarrhea; however, no proof exists that this Vibrio acts as a foodborne enteropathogen (Huq et al. 1980). X vulnificus and X alginolyticus, along with X chlerae and Xparahmolyticus, have been isolated from skin lesions on humans (Baumann et al. 1973; Blake et al. 1979, 1980; Pezzlo et al. 1979). In these cases, the bacteria appear to be acting as opportunistic pathogens. X vulnificus also has been reported to be capable of producing septicemia via an invasion of