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EXTRACTION OF LIPID FROM ABALONE ( HALIOTIS DISCUS HANNAI INO) GONAD BY SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE AND ENZYME‐ASSISTED ORGANIC SOLVENT METHODS
Author(s) -
ZHOU DAYONG,
TONG LEI,
ZHU BEIWEI,
WU HAITAO,
QIN LEI,
TAN HUI,
MURATA YOSHIYUKI
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of food processing and preservation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.511
H-Index - 48
eISSN - 1745-4549
pISSN - 0145-8892
DOI - 10.1111/j.1745-4549.2011.00560.x
Subject(s) - haliotis discus , abalone , chromatography , chemistry , extraction (chemistry) , supercritical carbon dioxide , enzymatic hydrolysis , hydrolysis , sterol , supercritical fluid extraction , food science , biochemistry , biology , cholesterol , fishery
The objective of this study was to establish methods to extract lipids from abalone ( Haliotis discus hannai Ino) gonad. Results showed that enzyme‐assisted organic solvent extraction allowed recovering 60.00 ± 2.16% of abalone gonad lipid from the samples digested with neutral protease. In addition, a lipid yield of 82.56 ± 2.77% was achieved by supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO 2 ) extraction. Thin‐layer chromatography‐flame ionization detection analysis indicated that lipid extracted by soxhlet method from H. discus hannai Ino gonad contained 89.05 ± 0.97% of triglycerides, 7.34 ± 0.80% of phospholipids, 1.46 ± 0.08% of cholesterol and 2.15 ± 0.09% of free fatty acids. The lipid extracted was divided into the unsaponifiable fraction (sterol) and the saponifiable fraction, and analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Results demonstrated that the compositions of sterol and fatty acid were different for samples extracted by different methods, indicating that the extraction method could influence the composition of the lipids. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Shellfish by‐products, such as viscera, contain high levels of nutrient material, such as protein, fat and polysaccharides, and have certain utility value. So far, there is a lack of utilization methods for the recovery of those substances. In our lab, an enzymatic hydrolysis process has been established to recover polysaccharides and protein (peptide) simultaneously from shellfish by‐product (viscera). However, the enzymatic hydrolysis process did not involve the recovery of another important nutrient content, lipid. In the present study, the lipid was extracted from H. discus hannai Ino gonad by enzyme‐assisted organic solvent method and SC‐CO 2 method. The two methods could be combined into the established enzymatic hydrolysis process to accomplish the comprehensive utilization of shellfish viscera.