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Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Substance on Estrogen Receptor Gene Transcription in Dialysis Patients
Author(s) -
Kanno Yoshihiko,
Okada Hirokazu,
Kobayashi Tatsuya,
Takenaka Tsuneo,
Suzuki Hiromichi
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
therapeutic apheresis and dialysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.415
H-Index - 53
eISSN - 1744-9987
pISSN - 1744-9979
DOI - 10.1111/j.1744-9987.2007.00472.x
Subject(s) - medicine , endocrine system , estrogen receptor , hemodialysis , endocrinology , dialysis , peritoneal dialysis , phthalate , bisphenol a , endocrine disruptor , estrogen , receptor , hormone , chemistry , cancer , organic chemistry , breast cancer , epoxy
Bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalate diesters, two well‐described endocrine‐disrupting substances (EDSs), were shown to elute out of the dialysis tubing used by patients who underwent hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). Since these patients require dialysis for survival, they may be exposed to potentially harmful levels of these compounds. In this study, serum BPA levels were quantified in HD ( n = 45) and PD ( n = 43) patients, and healthy controls ( n = 12) using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Our results showed that serum BPA levels were significantly elevated in both HD (5.3 ± 0.3 ng/mL) and PD (3.8 ± 0.2 ng/mL) patients compared to controls (2.6 ± 0.1 ng/mL; P < 0.05); levels in the HD patients were significantly greater than in the PD patients ( P < 0.05). To investigate the potential effects of these higher serum BPA levels, the patients' serum samples were examined for their effects on estrogen receptor gene transcription levels using a luciferase assay system. MCF‐7 cells that were transfected with estrogen response element (ERE) cDNA were cultured with our patients' sera or a solution of BPA. Our results showed that our patients' sera induced higher levels of ERE transcription than did the same dose of BPA; this higher expression may have been due to the presence of other EDSs in the dialysis patients, such as phthalate diesters (DEHP), though this remains to be determined.