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Effects of elevated CO 2 and plant genotype on interactions among cotton, aphids and parasitoids
Author(s) -
Sun YuCheng,
Feng Li,
Gao Feng,
Ge Feng
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
insect science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.991
H-Index - 45
eISSN - 1744-7917
pISSN - 1672-9609
DOI - 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2010.01328.x
Subject(s) - gossypol , aphis gossypii , biology , aphid , genotype , japonica , crop , botany , pest analysis , horticulture , agronomy , aphididae , gene , homoptera , genetics
Effects of CO 2 level (ambient vs . elevated) on the interactions among three cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum ) genotypes, the cotton aphid ( Aphis gossypii Glover), and its hymenoptera parasitoid ( Lysiphlebia japonica Ashrnead) were quantified. It was hypothesized that aphid‐parasitoid interactions in crop systems may be altered by elevated CO 2 , and that the degree of change is influenced by plant genotype. The cotton genotypes had high (M9101), medium (HZ401) and low (ZMS13) gossypol contents, and the response to elevated CO 2 was genotype‐specific. Elevated CO 2 increased the ratio of total non‐structural carbohydrates to nitrogen (TNC: N) in the high‐gossypol genotype and the medium‐gossypol genotype. For all three genotypes, elevated CO 2 had no effect on concentrations of gossypol and condensed tannins. A. gossypii fitness declined when aphids were reared on the high‐gossypol genotype versus the low‐gossypol genotype under elevated CO 2 . Furthermore, elevated CO 2 decreased the developmental time of L. japonica associated with the high‐gossypol genotype and the low‐gossypol genotype, but did not affect parasitism or emergence rates. Our study suggests that the abundance of A. gossypii on cotton will not be directly affected by increases in atmospheric CO 2 . We speculate that A. gossypii may diminish in pest status in elevated CO 2 and high‐gossypol genotype environments because of reduced fitness to the high‐gossypol genotype and shorter developmental time of L. japonica .