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Percolation‐Type Chemical Sensor: Electrical‐ and Humidity‐Sensing Properties of Carbon–Montmorillonite Composites
Author(s) -
Tsuyumoto Isao,
Iida Yuuki
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
international journal of applied ceramic technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.4
H-Index - 57
eISSN - 1744-7402
pISSN - 1546-542X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1744-7402.2010.02506.x
Subject(s) - montmorillonite , materials science , percolation (cognitive psychology) , composite number , percolation threshold , electrical resistivity and conductivity , humidity , composite material , phase (matter) , volume (thermodynamics) , moisture , water vapor , percolation theory , relative humidity , carbon fibers , conductivity , meteorology , electrical engineering , chemistry , physics , engineering , organic chemistry , neuroscience , biology , quantum mechanics
A chemical sensor based on the percolation principle is newly developed by fabricating a composite comprising of a conducting phase and an insulating phase whose volume increases by the incorporation of a desired substance. We find a composite of montmorillonite with carbon shows a remarkable resistivity increase in a humid atmosphere, because the volume of the montmorillonite phase increases by the incorporation of water. The resistivity increases in response to stepwise water vapor increases like a humidity sensor. The response time is substantially improved by fabricating a composite thick film using classified fine montmorillonite particles.