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Synthesis of Nanophased Metal Oxides in Supercritical Water: Catalysts for Biomass Conversion
Author(s) -
Levy Caroline,
Watanabe Masaru,
Aizawa Yuichi,
Inomata Hiroshi,
Sue Kiwamu
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
international journal of applied ceramic technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.4
H-Index - 57
eISSN - 1744-7402
pISSN - 1546-542X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1744-7402.2006.02100.x
Subject(s) - supercritical fluid , materials science , chemical engineering , crystallite , catalysis , metal , hydrothermal circulation , oxide , nanoparticle , hydrogen production , zinc , inorganic chemistry , nanotechnology , metallurgy , organic chemistry , chemistry , engineering
Nanoparticles of zinc oxide‐based materials (ZnO, ZnAl 2 O 4 ) with various morphologies were synthesized in supercritical water (SCW) with a flow‐type apparatus and in sub‐ and supercritical water with a batch reactor. In the flow‐type apparatus, smaller particles were obtained. Depending on the precursors, the morphology of crystallites is rod, hexagonal, or rectangular shaped. ZnAl 2 O 4 was synthesized with a high specific surface area ( S BET ) reaching 210 m 2 /g and nanocrystallite sizes ≤10 nm. The KOH concentration played a major role in the formation of ZnO and ZnAl 2 O 4 phases. Then, the synthesized materials were used as catalysts for the biomass conversion by the oxidation process to produce hydrogen.