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The occurrence of maize mosaic virus on sorghum in India 1
Author(s) -
NAIDU R. A.,
HARIKRISHNAN R.,
MANOHAR S. K.,
REDDY D. V. R.,
RATNA A. S.,
KING S. B.,
BANDYOPADHYAY R.
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
annals of applied biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 80
eISSN - 1744-7348
pISSN - 0003-4746
DOI - 10.1111/j.1744-7348.1989.tb02106.x
Subject(s) - biology , plant virus , antiserum , virus , virology , antigen , genetics
Summary A leaf disease of sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ) characterised by fine discontinuous chlorotic streaks between the veins, was observed on sorghum grown during the 1987/88 post‐rainy season in peninsular India. Early‐infected plants were stunted, had shortened internodes, and produced poorly developed panicles. The virus was transmitted by the delphacid planthopper, Peregrinus maidis . Negatively stained leaf dip preparations contained bullet‐shaped virus particles (208 ± 4.4 × 66 ± 1.0 nm) resembling those of rhabdoviruses. In ultrathin sections, the particles budded through the inner nuclear membrane and were present in the cytoplasm within membrane‐bound vesicles that were apparently contiguous with the distended outer nuclear membrane. A method for purifying the virus was developed utilising polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation, Celite filtration and sucrose densitygradient centrifugation. An antiserum was produced in rabbits with a titre of 1/2650 in the precipitin ring interphase test. The virus could be detected in infected sorghum leaf tissues using a direct antigen coating form of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (DAC‐ELISA). In immuno‐double diffusion tests, the virus reacted positively with antisera to maize mosaic virus (MMV) from Reunion (MMV‐RN) and Hawaii (MMV‐HI), but not with antisera to barley yellow striate mosaic (BYSMV), cereal chlorotic mottle (CCMV), and cynodon chlorotic streak (CCSV) viruses. Thus, the virus isolated from sorghum is designated the MMV‐S isolate. In DAC‐ELISA tests, MMV‐S reacted positively with antisera to MMV‐R, MMV‐HI, MMV‐Florida isolate, CCSV, and CCMV, and weakly with antiserum to BYSMV. SDS‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed four major proteins of relative mass M r 70 000, 59 000, 32 000 and 28 000. In electro‐blot immunoassay, MMV and CCSV antisera detected the G and N proteins. These data suggest that MMV‐S should be placed in the sonchus yellow net virus subgroup of plant rhabdoviruses.