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Seed‐borne cucumber mosaic virus infection of narrow‐leafed lupin ( Lupinus angustifolius ) in Western Australia
Author(s) -
JONES R. A. C.
Publication year - 1988
Publication title -
annals of applied biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 80
eISSN - 1744-7348
pISSN - 0003-4746
DOI - 10.1111/j.1744-7348.1988.tb03328.x
Subject(s) - lupinus angustifolius , biology , crop , seedling , cucumber mosaic virus , lupinus , agronomy , horticulture , cucumovirus , plant virus , botany , virus , virology
SUMMARY In 1986 in Western Australia, cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) infection was widespread in breeders' selections of narrow‐leafed lupin ( Lupinus angustifolius ), and in collections of lupin cvs and wild L. angustifolius lines. When seed of some of these selections and cvs was sown, seed‐borne CMV was detected in seedlings. Infection of F 1 progenies was traced to use of infected parent plants. CMV was also widespread in 25 seed crops of the new lupin cv. Wandoo but not in 42 seed crops of the new cv. Danja. When samples of the seed sown in 1986 were tested, CMV was detected in 3 ‐ 34% of seedlings of cv. Wandoo but in none of cv. Danja. Following intensive roguing of symptom‐bearing plants in the 1986 seed crop of new lupin cv. Gungurru, the level of seedling infection with CMV in seed samples after harvest was 0·1‐0·2%. CMV was detected in 6 ‐ 8%, 0·6‐5% and 0 ‐ 18% of seedlings from seed samples of established lupin cvs Chittick, Yandee and Illyarrie respectively. Highest levels of seed transmission were in seed from crops grown in high rainfall areas. When a sample of cv. Wandoo seed was graded for size by sieving, CMV was detected in seedlings grown from seed in all grades, but the smallest grade contained the highest level of infection. When seed was collected from pods at different positions on plants in a CMV‐infected crop of cv. Illyarrie, seed from primary pods transmitted the virus to seedlings at a 3% rate, seed from first order lateral pods at 8% while seed from second and third order lateral pods transmitted at 13%. Examination of CMV‐infected lupin crops indicated that seed‐infected plants competed poorly and tended to be shaded out in dense crops but to survive in sparse crops. In 1987 during drought conditions after seeding, plant mortality was greater with seed‐infected seedlings than with healthy seedlings despite wide plant spacing. An isolate of CMV from subterranean clover ( Trifolium subterraneum ) induced severer symptoms in lupins than four isolates from lupin; only the subterranean clover isolate prevented seed production. In tests at one lupin breeding site, CMV was found in 15 species of weeds and volunteer legumes. Fumaria officinalis, Stachys arvensis and volunteer lupins were most frequently infected.