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Aphid retention of maize dwarf mosaic virus (potyvirus): epidemiological implications
Author(s) -
BERGER P. H.,
ZEYEN R. J.,
GROTH J. V.
Publication year - 1987
Publication title -
annals of applied biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 80
eISSN - 1744-7348
pISSN - 0003-4746
DOI - 10.1111/j.1744-7348.1987.tb01460.x
Subject(s) - myzus persicae , biology , aphid , potyvirus , rhopalosiphum padi , rhopalosiphum maidis , agronomy , plant virus , horticulture , aphididae , pest analysis , homoptera , virology , virus
SUMMARY In total, 17 589 aphids were assayed for rate of loss of inoculativity and maximum retention times of maize dwarf mosaic (MDMV). The Standard‐treatment, involved acquisition access to MDMV‐infected tissue followed by confinement of active aphids in Petri dishes. In addition various aphid immobilisation treatments were used to prevent probing on solid surfaces after acquisition access to simulate conditions experienced by wind‐borne aphids when aloft. Immobilisation treatments, using nitrogen or argon gases at 25°C, or cold treatments at 6°C after acquisition access greatly increased the efficiency of MDMV transmission by greenbugs, Schizaphis graminum , in an experimental design where insects were individually assayed for transmission over a 7 h period. Further tests in which groups of greenbugs were assayed for MDMV transmission revealed that MDMV strains may be retained for over 21 h, regardless of post‐acquisition access treatment. Experiments with other aphid vectors of MDMV ( Dactynotus ambrosiae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Rhopalosiphum maidis and Myzus persicae ) also demonstrated MDMV retention times exceeding 18 h. These results show that the rate at which aphids lose MDMV inoculativity is lower when solid surface probing behaviour is denied, and that MDMV retention times are longer than those previously published. The findings are discussed in relation to the epidemiology of nonpersistent viruses and their dispersal over great distances.