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Establishment and yield of three ryegrasses following aldicarb use, and changes in abundance of plant parasitic nematodes
Author(s) -
SPAULL A. M.,
MEWTON P. G.,
CLEMENTS R. O.
Publication year - 1985
Publication title -
annals of applied biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 80
eISSN - 1744-7348
pISSN - 0003-4746
DOI - 10.1111/j.1744-7348.1985.tb03121.x
Subject(s) - biology , aldicarb , lolium multiflorum , lolium perenne , agronomy , lolium , nematode , poaceae , pesticide , ecology
SUMMARY Pure swards of Lolium multiflorum, L. multiflorum var. westerwoldicum and L. perenne sown in August had greater yields than autumn on areas treated with either 5 or 10 kg a.i./ha aldicarb than on untreated areas. Total annual dry matter yields increased by larger amounts where the greater rate of aldicarb was applied; throughout the trial, L. perenne was usually less affected by treatment than the other two grasses. Plant‐parasitic nematodes were more numerous on untreated than treated plots and were fewest in areas receiving the larger application (except in the second harvest year). Numbers of Tylenchorhynchus and Helicotylenchus were affected most by treatments; abundance of Paratylenchus and Criconemella were little altered. Stem‐boring Diptera invaded tillers of all three grasses but infection was least in L. perenne. Invasion occurred only on untreated plots in the establishment year and some yield benefit probably resulted from their control. In subsequent years invasion was similar on treated and untreated areas. Effects on other, non‐target organisms were not assessed. Ectoparasitic nematodes multiplied more in L. multiflorum plots than in others during the first full‐harvest year. The next year numbers of Paratylenchus only were greater in plots of L. perenne than in other plots. Sward persistence of L. multiflorum var. westerwoldicum was better on treated than untreated areas. It was concluded a) that aldicarb use greatly decreased nematode numbers and yields from treated areas were larger than from those untreated; b) that sward persistence was similarly improved following aldicarb use and c) that ryegrasses differed in their suitability as hosts to ectoparasitic nematodes.