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A new plant virus from the high jungle of the Eastern Andes; Solanum apical leaf curling virus (SALCV)
Author(s) -
HOOKER W. J.,
SALAZAR L. F.
Publication year - 1983
Publication title -
annals of applied biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 80
eISSN - 1744-7348
pISSN - 0003-4746
DOI - 10.1111/j.1744-7348.1983.tb02782.x
Subject(s) - biology , solanum nigrum , datura stramonium , solanum , dwarfing , botany , nicotiana benthamiana , virus , plant virus , datura , indicator plant , solanaceae , apex (geometry) , inoculation , mottle , horticulture , virology , biochemistry , rootstock , gene
SUMMARY A previously undescribed plant virus, Solanum apical leaf curling virus (SALCV), was found in cultivated potato and indigenous wild solanaceous plants in an area of high jungle near San Ramon, Peru. Symptoms in potato consisting of red, purple or pink discoloration, curling, crinkling and dwarfing of apical leaves develop soon after infection. Symptoms from tuber‐borne infection may also include dwarfing and stunting, dormancy may be prolonged and sprouts may be filiform producing small plants with very thin stems. The virus is transmissible by grafting, but was not transmitted through seed, by aphids or leafhoppers tested, nor by mechanical inoculation of sap. Infected Datura tatula and D. stramonium , the most useful indicator hosts, developed yellowing of the small veins of newly formed leaves followed by distortion, dwarfing, and cupping of subsequently formed leaves. Tomato, Solanum nigrum, Nicandra physalodes and Nicotiana benthamiana were also infected experimentally. N. physalodes, Solanum basendopogon, D. tatula and Physalis peruviana were naturally infected in the field. Antiserum produced in rabbits was suitable for ELISA which detected SALCV in a range of graft‐inoculated and naturally infected plants. Most virus particles in purified preparations and those trapped on antiserum sensitised grids treated with infective sap were c. 52 times 17 nm and consisted of three quasi‐isometric units in a straight chain. This particle morphology although novel, suggests possible affinities with geminiviruses.