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Interactions between Rhizoctonia tuliparum and soil microorganisms
Author(s) -
Gladders P.,
Coleysmith J. R.
Publication year - 1978
Publication title -
annals of applied biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 80
eISSN - 1744-7348
pISSN - 0003-4746
DOI - 10.1111/j.1744-7348.1978.tb02588.x
Subject(s) - biology , rhizoctonia , germination , spore , bulb , agar plate , agar , fungus , botany , horticulture , microorganism , bacillus subtilis , bacteria , lysis , spore germination , microbiology and biotechnology , rhizoctonia solani , genetics , biochemistry
Rhizoctonia tuliparum Whetzel & Arthur is a winter active soil‐borne pathogen, which causes the grey bulb rot of tulips and Dutch irises. The fungus survives by means of sclerotia. It was found that the sclerotia only germinated in unsterile soil at low temperatures (0–10 °C). Germination in sterile soil occurred over a wider range of temperatures (0–25 °C) but was inhibited at 20 °C after the addition of a suitable bacterial inoculum. An unidentified pyrone antibiotic was leaked by sclerotia which had been air‐dried and re‐wetted. This could be detected in vitro using an agar medium seeded with a spore suspension of Bacillus subtilis Cohn emend Prazmowski. In soil, however, material leaked by sclerotia stimulated both bacteria and fungi. Undried, air‐dried and oven‐dried (non antibiotic) sclerotia persisted equally well in soil over 2 yr. This suggests that the resistance to lysis of sclerotial cell walls may be important in the long term survival of this organism.