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Properties of wilt‐toxins produced by Verticillium albo‐atrum Reinke & Berth.
Author(s) -
STODDART J. L.,
CARR A. J. H.
Publication year - 1966
Publication title -
annals of applied biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 80
eISSN - 1744-7348
pISSN - 0003-4746
DOI - 10.1111/j.1744-7348.1966.tb05073.x
Subject(s) - biology , verticillium wilt , wilting , bioassay , verticillium , sephadex , fungi imperfecti , sucrose , microbiology and biotechnology , botany , food science , horticulture , enzyme , biochemistry , genetics
SUMMARY Cultures of Verticillium albo‐atrum grown in a liquid, mineral salts/sucrose medium, were harvested at daily intervals and subjected to gel‐filtration on Sephadex G‐25 columns eluted with demineralized water. Ultraviolet scanning of the eluate indicated a broad division into high and low molecular weight fractions (HMW and LMW). The HMW material was found to be a variable mixture of a protein component (M.W. c. 100,000) possessing mild cellulase activity, and fructosan (M.W. 5,000–10,000). Both components produced wilting in a lucerne detached‐leaf bioassay. Heat denaturation resulted only in the loss of the protein component with a corresponding reduction in wilt‐toxicity. A number of LMW components were found to produce leaf necrosis, but only in high concentrations and long‐duration assays. These were considered to be of doubtful significance in the wilt syndrome. The possible action mechanisms and the basis of resistance are discussed.