Premium
THE SYSTEMIC INSECTICIDAL ACTION OF CERTAIN COMPOUNDS OF FLUORINE AND OF PHOSPHORUS ON PHAEDON COCHLEARIAE FAB.
Author(s) -
DAVID W. A. L.,
GARDINER B. O. C.
Publication year - 1954
Publication title -
annals of applied biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 80
eISSN - 1744-7348
pISSN - 0003-4746
DOI - 10.1111/j.1744-7348.1954.tb01119.x
Subject(s) - paraoxon , toxicity , biology , toxicology , organophosphate , larva , fenthion , biochemistry , pesticide , chromatography , chemistry , botany , acetylcholinesterase , agronomy , organic chemistry , enzyme , malathion
Four compounds— bis dimethylaminophosphonous anhydride (schradan), bis (dimethylamino)fluorophosphine oxide ( dimefox ), diethyl paranitrophenyl phosphate ( paraoxon ) and sodium fluoroacetate ( acetate )—have been tested against the mustard beetle, Phaedon cochleariae Fab. When the four compounds are compared by a direct contact technique in which insects can also imbibe some of the test solutions, or the insects are caged with foliage which has been dipped and then dried, the order of toxicity to adults and larvae was found to be Paraoxon > acetate ≏ dimefox > schradan. The paraoxon is very much more toxic than the other compounds. In all cases the adults are more resistant than the larvae. When the insecticides are applied systemically the order of toxicity changes to Paraoxon > dimefox > acetate ≏ schradan because the acetate causes the plants to wilt and less of it is absorbed. Both paraoxon and dimefox give complete kills of adult Phaedon which is the most resistant stage, at practical concentrations. When the insecticides were applied to the outer leaves and translocated to the inner untreated leaves an effect was observed with the dimefox and paraoxon after numerous application, but with a single application very inconsistent results were obtained. It is concluded that schradan and the acetate are ineffective systemically against Phaedon. The dimefox and paraoxon are very effective, but because of their high mammalian toxicity they would require very careful handling in practice.