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Studies upon the copper fungicides: VIII. The penetration of copper into germinating peas
Author(s) -
Wain R. L.,
Wilkinson E. H.
Publication year - 1945
Publication title -
annals of applied biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 80
eISSN - 1744-7348
pISSN - 0003-4746
DOI - 10.1111/j.1744-7348.1945.tb06244.x
Subject(s) - copper , exudate , fungicide , germination , penetration (warfare) , biology , phytotoxicity , horticulture , copper toxicity , botany , chemistry , organic chemistry , operations research , engineering
Three varieties of pea seed showed less damage when treated with solutions of simple cupric salts than with solutions of equivalent strength in which the copper could occur in complex form. On adding supplementary pea exudate to copper sulphate solution, thereby converting some cupric to complex copper, greater damage was caused. In spite of the greater phytotoxicity of complex forms of copper, the copper intake by the seeds was less. Sealing of the micropyle had little effect on the water and copper intake of peas. Colorimetric tissue tests on treated peas indicated a high concentration of copper in the testa and the embryonic radical with only small amounts in the cotyledonary tissues. These observations were largely confirmed by chemical analyses‐on the test as, cotyledons and embryos of copper treated peas. The results suggest that when copper dissolves from dressings on pea seeds much becomes fixed on the testa, so providing fungicidal protection. The soluble complex forms of copper produced by pea exudate are markedly phytotoxic and injury to the embryonic radical is regarded as the main cause of damage to peas.