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A STUDY OF TWENTY‐FOUR STRAINS OF ACTINOMYCES AND THEIR RELATION TO TYPES OF COMMON SCAB OF POTATO
Author(s) -
MILLAED W. A.,
BURR SYDNEY
Publication year - 1926
Publication title -
annals of applied biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 80
eISSN - 1744-7348
pISSN - 0003-4746
DOI - 10.1111/j.1744-7348.1926.tb04299.x
Subject(s) - common scab , biology , actinomyces , stolon , botany , microbiology and biotechnology , streptomyces , bacteria , genetics
SUMMARY The difficulty of reconciling various cultures of the scab organism with any one defined type of A. scabies (Thaxter) Güssow is discussed. Inclusion of all such cultures into one A. scabies group has no justification. A technique has been evolved whereby the cultural characters of Actinomyces may be maintained in sub‐culture. Twenty‐four Actinomyces strains were isolated from potato scabs and other sources, and the cultural and morphological characters of these have been worked out and described. Three pairs of duplicate strains appeared, but with these exceptions, the differences between the strains were of specific rank. One of the species appears to be identical with Thaxter's original scab organism and is thus referred to A. scabies (Thaxter) Güssow; the remainder are new and have accordingly been named. Eleven of the species were found to produce scab on potatoes. The various type a of common scab have been defined, and it has been shown that type of scab is dependent on the infecting Actinomyces species. The variety of potato may modify but cannot materially change this type. A. scabies (Thaxter) Güssow (emend. M. and B.) produced a deeply furrowed scab apparently identical with the “Deep Scab” described by Thaxter. This species was also found to attack the roots and stolons of potato plants. The occurrence of scab in virgin soils and the predominance of certain scab types in certain soils and in different years are discussed.