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Effects of steam explosion on the chemical composition and rumen degradability of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) straw
Author(s) -
Kim W.,
Yahaya M.S.,
Goto M.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
grassland science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.388
H-Index - 19
eISSN - 1744-697X
pISSN - 1744-6961
DOI - 10.1111/j.1744-697x.2005.00019.x
Subject(s) - steam explosion , rumen , chemistry , straw , oryza sativa , absorbance , lignin , organic matter , neutral detergent fiber , food science , agronomy , autoclave , chemical composition , fermentation , zoology , biochemistry , fiber , chromatography , pulp and paper industry , biology , organic chemistry , inorganic chemistry , engineering , gene
Changes in the chemical composition and in vitro degradability of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) straw were examined for effects of steam explosion applied at 12, 16, 20, 24, and 28 kgf/cm 2 pressure on rice straw. Physical breakdown of the straw with treatment was observed on most fractions of the particle size. These treatments also decreased ( P < 0.05) organic matter and cell wall constituents, such as organic cell walls and neutral detergent fiber contents in the straw, as determined by enzymatic and detergent procedures. In contrast, the acid detergent lignin and acid detergent fiber contents increased ( P < 0.05) with increasing steam pressure. The ultraviolet absorbance spectra of water‐soluble extracts in 28 kgf/cm 2 ‐treated straws showed a maximal peak of 0.91 and a shoulder peak of 0.45 around 280 nm and 320 nm, respectively, increasing the maximal absorbance in accordance with the increase in steam pressure. Thus, at the lowest steam pressure, the microbial degradation of rice straw was increased as shown by the results of gas fermentation and volatile fatty acid production. Results in the present study indicate the possibility of improvement of nutritive value of cereal straw using a mild steam explosion treatment, compared to high steam conditions which can dangerously increase insoluble residual substances toxic to rumen microbes in the exploded roughages.