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The Effect of Aspirin on Atherogenic Diet‐Induced Diabetes Mellitus
Author(s) -
Sethi Apoorva,
Parmar Hamendra S.,
Kumar Anil
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
basic and clinical pharmacology and toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.805
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1742-7843
pISSN - 1742-7835
DOI - 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2010.00663.x
Subject(s) - medicine , endocrinology , aspirin , cholesterol , glycogen , insulin , diabetes mellitus , lipid peroxidation , nitric oxide , chemistry , oxidative stress
Exploration of atherogenic diet‐induced diabetes mellitus and the evaluation of antidiabetic potential of aspirin were carried out in this study. Male albino Wistar rats were divided into three groups of seven each (1, 2 and 3). Animals of groups 2 and 3 received CCT diet (normal rat chow supplemented with 4% cholesterol, 1% cholic acid and 0.5%, 2‐thiouracil), whereas the animals of group 1 received normal feed and served as control. In addition to CCT, animals of group 3 (CCT + Asp) also received aspirin (8 gm/kg), commencing from day 8 till the end of study (day 15). In another experiment (exp. 2), aspirin‐supplemented normal rat chow (Asp) was fed to the animals for 7 days and compared with the normal rat chow‐fed control group. In experiment 3, an in vitro nitric oxide radical–scavenging potential of aspirin at three different doses (25, 50 and 100 μg/ml) was evaluated. In response to CCT diet, a decrease in serum insulin, α‐amylase activity, hepatic glycogen, pancreatic calcium with a concomitant increase in serum glucose, lipid profile (except high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C)), pancreatic nitrite and lipid peroxidation and the size of adipocytes along with macrophages infiltration were observed. Aspirin administration to CCT diet‐fed animals (CCT + Asp) reverted all the studied biochemical and histological changes towards normality. In experiment 2, aspirin administration decreased the serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) and VLDL‐C with concomitantly increased HDL‐C and insulin; however, it increased hepatic glycogen and pancreatic calcium concentration with a decrease in pancreatic and adipose lipid peroxidation. In vitro assay revealed the nitric oxide radical–scavenging potential of aspirin in all the studied doses. It is concluded that CCT diet‐induced diabetes mellitus might be the outcome of nitric oxide radical‐induced oxidative stress in pancreatic tissue, as well as diminished insulin secretion because of decrease in pancreatic calcium release, obesity and inflammation. However, aspirin treatment reversed all the above‐mentioned parameters to normality.