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Effects of Embelin on Lipid Peroxidation and Free Radical Scavenging Activity against Liver Damage in Rats
Author(s) -
Singh Dharmendra,
Singh Ruchi,
Singh Pahup,
Gupta Radhey S.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
basic and clinical pharmacology and toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.805
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1742-7843
pISSN - 1742-7835
DOI - 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2009.00429.x
Subject(s) - lipid peroxidation , chemistry , carbon tetrachloride , antioxidant , pharmacology , silybum marianum , hepatoprotection , thiobarbituric acid , lactate dehydrogenase , alkaline phosphatase , tbars , biochemistry , bilirubin , medicine , glutathione , enzyme , traditional medicine , organic chemistry
The study aimed to evaluate the hepatic antioxidant capacity of embelin (from Embelia ribes ) using different antioxidant tests, free radical scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation in albino rats. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) treatment to rats has been more susceptible to peroxidative damage through production of reactive metabolites, namely trichloromethyl‐free radicals (CCl ? 3 and/or CCl 3 OO ? ) as measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive species. After the induction of liver damage by CCl 4 intoxication to rats, the concentration of lipid peroxidation was significantly (P ≤ 0.001) higher in liver and serum, along with concomitant decrease in the levels of antioxidants and cytochrome P450 enzyme in liver as compared to vehicle controls. The activities of marker enzymes – transaminases (AST, ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) – along with the total bilirubin and total protein levels were altered significantly (P ≤ 0.001) in the serum of CCl 4 ‐treated rats. When these rats received embelin orally (25 mg/kg) from day 1 to day 15, peroxidative damage was minimal in both liver and serum along with effectively inducing the antioxidant potential in CCl 4 ‐treated rats. The biochemical results were compared with the standard drug silymarin – a combination of flavonolignans of Silybum marianum and histology of liver sections. In conclusion, this study suggests that embelin acts as a natural antioxidant against hepatotoxicity induced in rats.