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Mitochondrial Ca 2+ sequestration and precipitation revisited
Author(s) -
Chinopoulos Christos,
AdamVizi Vera
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
the febs journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.981
H-Index - 204
eISSN - 1742-4658
pISSN - 1742-464X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07755.x
Subject(s) - mitochondrion , oxidative phosphorylation , divalent , precipitation , chemistry , phosphate , biophysics , microbiology and biotechnology , mitochondrial matrix , biochemistry , inorganic phosphate , biology , cytosol , physics , organic chemistry , meteorology , enzyme
The ability of mitochondria to sequester and retain divalent cations in the form of precipitates consisting of organic and inorganic moieties has been known for decades. Of these cations, Ca 2+ has emerged as a major player in both signal transduction and cell death mechanisms, and, as a consequence, the importance of mitochondria in these processes was soon recognized. Early studies showed considerable effort in identifying the mechanisms of Ca 2+ sequestration, precipitation and release by uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation; however, relatively little information was obtained, and these processes were eventually taken for granted. Here, we re‐examine: (a) the thermodynamic aspects of mitochondrial Ca 2+ uptake and release, (b) the insufficiently explained effect of uncouplers in inducing mitochondrial Ca 2+ release, (c) the thermodynamic effects of exogenously added adenine nucleotides on mitochondrial Ca 2+ uptake capacity and precipitate formation, and (d) the elusive nature of the Ca 2+ ‐phosphate precipitates formed in the mitochondrial matrix.