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The pro‐form of BMP‐2 interferes with BMP‐2 signalling by competing with BMP‐2 for IA receptor binding
Author(s) -
Hauburger Anja,
von Einem Sabrina,
Schwaerzer Gerburg K.,
Buttstedt Anja,
Zebisch Matthias,
Schräml Michael,
Hortschansky Peter,
Knaus Petra,
Schwarz Elisabeth
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
the febs journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.981
H-Index - 204
eISSN - 1742-4658
pISSN - 1742-464X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07361.x
Subject(s) - smad , bone morphogenetic protein , bmpr2 , microbiology and biotechnology , bone morphogenetic protein 2 , receptor , transforming growth factor , bone morphogenetic protein 10 , extracellular , biology , chemistry , growth factor , bone morphogenetic protein 7 , biochemistry , in vitro , gene
Pro‐forms of growth factors have received increasing attention since it was shown that they can affect both the maturation and functions of mature growth factors. Here, we assessed the biological function of the pro‐form of bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2), a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)/ΒΜP superfamily. The role of the 263 amino acids of the pro‐peptide is currently unclear. In order to obtain an insight into the function of the pro‐form (proBMP‐2), the ability of proBMP‐2 to induce alkaline phosphatase (AP), a marker enzyme for cells differentiating into osteoblasts, was tested. Interestingly, in contrast to mature BMP‐2, proBMP‐2 did not lead to induction of AP. Instead, proBMP‐2 inhibited the induction of AP by BMP‐2. This result raised the question of whether proBMP‐2 may compete with mature BMP‐2 for receptor binding. ProBMP‐2 was found to bind to the purified extracellular ligand binding domain (ECD) of BMPR‐IA, a high‐affinity receptor for mature BMP‐2, with a similar affinity as mature BMP‐2. Binding of proBMP‐2 to BMPR‐IA was confirmed in cell culture by cross‐linking proBMP‐2 to BMPR‐IA presented on the cell surface. In contrast to this finding, proBMP‐2 did not bind to the ECD of BMPR‐II. ProBMP‐2 also differed from BMP‐2 in its capacity to induce p38 and Smad phosphorylation. The data presented here suggest that the pro‐domain of BMP‐2 can alter the signalling properties of the growth factor by modulating the ability of the mature part to interact with the receptors. Structured digital abstract• MINT‐7261817 : BMPR‐IA (uniprotkb: P36894 ) and proBMP2 (uniprotkb: P12643 ) physically interact ( MI:0915 ) by cross‐linking studies ( MI:0030 ) • MINT‐7261681 , MINT‐7261693 : BMP2 (uniprotkb: P12643 ) binds ( MI:0407 ) to BMPR‐IA (uniprotkb: P36894 ) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( MI:0411 ) • MINT‐7261751 , MINT‐7261794 : proBMP2 (uniprotkb: P12643 ) binds ( MI:0407 ) to BMPR‐IA (uniprotkb: P36894 ) by competition binding ( MI:0405 ) • MINT‐7261806 , MINT‐7261846 : BMPR‐IA (uniprotkb: P36894 ) physically interacts ( MI:0915 ) with BMP2 (uniprotkb: P12643 ) by anti bait coimmunoprecipitation ( MI:0006 ) • MINT‐7261628 , MINT‐7261642 : noggin (uniprotkb: Q13253 ) binds ( MI:0407 ) to proBMP2 (uniprotkb: P12643 ) by surface plasmon resonance ( MI:0107 ) • MINT‐7261597 , MINT‐7261613 : BMPR‐IA (uniprotkb: P36894 ) binds ( MI:0407 ) to BMP2 (uniprotkb: P12643 ) by surface plasmon resonance ( MI:0107 )