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Protein transport in organelles: Dual targeting of proteins to mitochondria and chloroplasts
Author(s) -
Carrie Chris,
Giraud Estelle,
Whelan James
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
the febs journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.981
H-Index - 204
eISSN - 1742-4658
pISSN - 1742-464X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.06876.x
Subject(s) - chloroplast , organelle , mitochondrion , protein targeting , transport protein , dual (grammatical number) , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , biology , biochemistry , membrane protein , gene , art , literature , membrane
As many as fifty proteins have now been experimentally demonstrated to be targeted to both mitochondria and plastids, a phenomenon referred to as dual targeting. Although the first reported case of dual targeting of a protein was reported in 1995, there is still little understanding of the mechanism of dual targeting and any similarities or differences with respect to the targeting of location‐specific proteins. This minireview summarizes dual targeting in terms of signals, passenger proteins, receptors, regulation, why proteins may need to be dual targeted and the future challenges that remain in this area.