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Characterization of DNA transport in the thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus HB27
Author(s) -
Schwarzenlander Cornelia,
Averhoff Beate
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
the febs journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.981
H-Index - 204
eISSN - 1742-4658
pISSN - 1742-464X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05416.x
Subject(s) - thermus thermophilus , thermophile , biology , horizontal gene transfer , thermus , plasmid , dna , genetics , gene , transformation (genetics) , bacteria , mutagenesis , genome , escherichia coli , mutation
Horizontal gene transfer has been a major force for genome plasticity over evolutionary history, and is largely responsible for fitness‐enhancing traits, including antibiotic resistance and virulence factors. In particular, for adaptation of prokaryotes to extreme environments, lateral gene transfer seems to have played a crucial role. Recently, by performing a genome‐wide mutagenesis approach with Thermus thermophilus HB27, we identified the first genes in a thermophilic bacterium for the uptake of free DNA, a process called natural transformation. Here, we present the first data on the biochemistry and bioenergetics of the DNA transport process in this thermophile. We report that linear and circular plasmid DNA are equally well taken up with a high maximal velocity of 1.5 µg DNA·(mg protein) −1 ·min −1 , demonstrating an extremely efficient binding and uptake rate of 40 kb·s −1 ·cell −1 . Uncouplers and ATPase inhibitors immediately inhibited DNA uptake, providing clear evidence that DNA translocation in HB27 is an energy‐dependent process. DNA uptake studies with genomic DNA of Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya revealed that Thermus thermophilus HB27 takes up DNA from members of all three domains of life. We propose that the extraordinary broad substrate specificity of the highly efficient Thermus thermophilus HB27 DNA uptake system may contribute significantly to thermoadaptation of Thermus thermophilus HB27 and to interdomain DNA transfer in hot environments.