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Personal Choice or Evidence‐Based Nursing Intervention: Nurses' Decision‐Making about Influenza Vaccination
Author(s) -
Rhudy Lori M.,
Tucker Sharon J.,
Ofstead Cori L.,
Poland Gregory A.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
worldviews on evidence‐based nursing
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.052
H-Index - 49
eISSN - 1741-6787
pISSN - 1545-102X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1741-6787.2010.00190.x
Subject(s) - vaccination , medicine , psychological intervention , immunization , health care , influenza vaccine , nursing , context (archaeology) , qualitative research , family medicine , immunology , paleontology , social science , antigen , biology , sociology , economics , economic growth
Background: Nursing interventions are actions taken by nurses to enhance patient outcomes. Little is known about nursing interventions such as influenza vaccination in which the nurse's decision to adopt a health behavior impacts patient outcomes. There is strong evidence that immunization of health care workers (HCWs) against influenza is effective in preventing the spread of this disease and lowers mortality among patients. Yet, worldwide influenza vaccination rates among HCWs are low, with nurse vaccination rates among the lowest. Aim: To understand the factors influencing nurses' decision‐making about personally receiving immunization against influenza. Methods: A qualitative descriptive design in which data were collected using semistructured interviews was used. Participants were 14 RNs who indicated on a prior survey that they were uncertain about, or would not receive an influenza vaccine during the next vaccination season. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Findings: The overarching theme is that influenza immunization is a low priority for nurses. Subthemes include a sense of good health, skepticism of the vaccine's value, fear of vaccine side effects, hand washing as prevention, and inconvenient immunization locations. Conclusions: The nurse participants in this study viewed influenza vaccination as a personal health choice, not as an evidence‐based nursing intervention. As a result, the decision to decline influenza vaccination was made in the context of personal health choice and/or risk of injury or illness to the nurse. Patient safety outcomes were not expressed as a factor in making the decision to decline influenza vaccination.