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3‐Chloro‐4‐(dichloromethyl)‐5‐hydroxy‐2( 5H )‐furanone (MX) as a Direct‐Acting Teratogen in Micromass in vitro Tests
Author(s) -
TERAMOTO Shoji,
TAKAHASHI Ken L.,
KIKUTA Masayuki,
KOBAYASHI Hiroko
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
congenital anomalies
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1741-4520
pISSN - 0914-3505
DOI - 10.1111/j.1741-4520.1999.tb00987.x
Subject(s) - teratology , in vitro , incubation , inhibitory postsynaptic potential , embryonic stem cell , chemistry , cell culture , cellular differentiation , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , biochemistry , genetics , endocrinology , fetus , pregnancy , gene
3‐Chloro‐4‐(dichloromethyl)‐5‐hydroxy‐2( 5H )‐furanone (MX) causes complete inhibition of rat embryonic midbrain (CNS) cell differentiation in the micromass in vitro test when applied at a concentration of 5 μ g/ml under conditions where MX is rapidly degraded in culture medium with a half‐life of 56 min. This study investigated whether or not degradation products of MX have inhibitory effects on CNS cell differentiation following pre‐incubation of MX in culture medium for 0.5, 1 or 2 hr. When MX was pre‐incubated for 0.5 hr, the mean number of differentiated foci was 0.2 against 62.5 for the control. However, the number increased to 44.7 when pre‐incubation time was extended to 2 hr. These results suggest that MX, but not its degradation products, is a teratogen in vitro. MX manifested almost complete inhibitory effects on CNS cell differentiation by 0.5 hr of exposure.