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Induction of Cardiovascular Malformations by Leupeptin in the Rat
Author(s) -
MIYATA Koichiro,
KODAMA Akihiko,
CHEN ShenFang,
TACHIKURA Toshio,
OKU Shozo,
YAMASAKI Takatoshi,
NAKAMURA Makoto
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
congenital anomalies
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1741-4520
pISSN - 0914-3505
DOI - 10.1111/j.1741-4520.1991.tb00357.x
Subject(s) - leupeptin , medicine , endocrinology , resorption , gestation , hydronephrosis , urinary system , andrology , biology , pregnancy , biochemistry , genetics , protease , enzyme
The teratogenic effects of leupeptin on the rat embryonic heart were examined. Wistar rats were injected with 30mg/kg of leupeptin, 50mg/kg of leupeptin, and 2.5ml/kg of normal saline (control group) on days 9 and 10 of gestation. Term fetal weight was significantly lower in the leupeptin groups than in controls. At leupeptin 30mg/kg, the resorption rate, incidence of malformation, and incidence of cardiovascular (CV) malformation were 13.2%, 34.8%, 16.7%, respectively. At leupeptin 50 mg/kg, the resorption rate, incidence of malformation, and incidence of CV malformation were 19.7%, 81.4%, 36.3%, respectively. The most common malformations were hydrocephaly, anophthalmia, microphthalmia, VSD, ASD, hydronephrosis, and diaphragmatic hernia. Multiple organ systems were affected. Malformation types were similar to those induced by anti‐kidney antiserum (AKS) and trypan blue (TB).