Open AccessPost‐partum weight change patterns in the WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study
Author(s) -
Onyango Adelheid W.,
NommsenRivers Laurie,
Siyam Amani,
Borghi Elaine,
de Onis Mercedes,
Garza Cutberto,
Lartey Anna,
Bærug Anne,
Bhandari Nita,
Dewey Kathryn G.,
Araújo Cora Luiza,
Mohamed Ali Jaffer,
Van den Broeck Jan
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
maternal and child nutrition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.181
H-Index - 63
eISSN - 1740-8709
pISSN - 1740-8695
DOI - 10.1111/j.1740-8709.2010.00295.x
Subject(s) - medicine , breastfeeding , weight change , post partum , pregnancy , demography , weight gain , parity (physics) , weight loss , obstetrics , body weight , pediatrics , obesity , endocrinology , physics , particle physics , biology , sociology , genetics
The interplay of factors that affect post‐partum loss or retention of weight gained during pregnancy is not fully understood. The objective of this paper is to describe patterns of weight change in the six sites of the World Health Organization (WHO) Multicentre Growth Reference Study (MGRS) and explore variables that explain variation in weight change within and between sites. Mothers of 1743 breastfed children enrolled in the MGRS had weights measured at days 7, 14, 28 and 42 post‐partum, monthly from 2 to 12 months and bimonthly thereafter until 24 months post‐partum. Height, maternal age, parity and employment status were recorded and breastfeeding was monitored throughout the follow‐up. Weight change patterns varied significantly among sites. Ghanaian and Omani mothers lost little or gained weight post‐partum. In Brazil, India, Norway and USA, mothers on average lost weight during the first year followed by stabilization in the second year. Lactation intensity and duration explained little of the variation in weight change patterns. In most sites, obese mothers tended to lose less weight than normal‐weight mothers. In Brazil and Oman, primiparous mothers lost about 1 kg more than multiparous mothers in the first 6 months. In India and Ghana, multiparous mothers lost about 0.6 kg more than primiparas in the second 6 months. Culturally defined mother‐care practices probably play a role in weight change patterns among lactating women. This hypothesis should stimulate investigation into gestational weight gain and post‐partum losses in different ethnocultural contexts.