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THE USE OF DELAYED GADOLINIUM ENHANCED MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF CARTILAGE AND T2 MAPPING TO EVALUATE ARTICULAR CARTILAGE IN THE NORMAL CANINE ELBOW
Author(s) -
Wucherer Katja L.,
Ober Christopher P.,
Conzemius Michael G.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
veterinary radiology and ultrasound
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.541
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1740-8261
pISSN - 1058-8183
DOI - 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2011.01867.x
Subject(s) - medicine , cartilage , magnetic resonance imaging , osteoarthritis , articular cartilage , elbow , gadolinium , cartilage damage , orthopedic surgery , radiology , nuclear medicine , pathology , anatomy , surgery , materials science , alternative medicine , metallurgy
Commonly used diagnostic tools used to evaluate articular cartilage lack the sensitivity, specificity, and objectivity to measure early changes associated with osteoarthritis. Two techniques using magnetic resonance ( MR ) imaging have been developed to detect the biology of articular cartilage are delayed gadolinium‐enhanced MR imaging of cartilage (d GEMRIC ) and T 2 mapping. Both techniques have been validated and are used to study the degenerative and adaptive nature of articular cartilage in people. The use of these techniques as a diagnostic tool in dogs has not been well described. We evaluated articular cartilage in the region of the medial coronoid process ( MCP ) of six healthy dogs free of detectable orthopedic disease using both MR imaging techniques. Histology and proteoglycan ( PG ) content of the MCP were used to confirm normal articular cartilage. All dogs had ground reaction forces consistent with normal function. Mean d GEMRIC index ( T 1 value) was 400 ± 47 ms and mean T 2 value was 56 ± 8 ms. Intra‐ and interobserver variability was low. d GEMRIC and T 2 values for normal cartilage in the elbow of the dog can be generated reproducibly using 3 T MR imaging. Using these techniques as objective outcome measures for clinical studies in dogs with OA conditions should help delineate the efficacy of some disease interventions.