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STATISTICAL BRIEFING: ODDS AND ODDS RATIOS
Author(s) -
LAMB CHRISTOPHER R.,
PFEIFFER DIRK
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
veterinary radiology and ultrasound
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.541
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1740-8261
pISSN - 1058-8183
DOI - 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2008.00351.x
Subject(s) - odds , odds ratio , medicine , risk factor , demography , logistic regression , sociology
ODDS ARE A method for representing probability that will be familiar to anyone who gambles. The odds are the ratio of the probability that something will occur divided by the probability that it will not. In the case of a single throw of a die, the odds of throwing a six may be described as one to five (0.2, 20%). Note that this is not the same as the probability of throwing a six, which is one in six (0.17, 17%). Odds can be used to summarize the relationship between exposure to a risk factor (e.g., etiologic agent, clinical sign, or history) and outcome (e.g., presence or absence of disease). Odds ratios (OR) are frequently used to summarize the results of cross-sectional or case–control studies.